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49
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እና የመንግሥታት ማኅበር ሰላም ይፈጠር ይሆን?

50
00:02:30,980 --> 00:02:33,930
{\an8}በአሜሪካኖች መጽደቅን በመጠባበቅ ላይ ሳለ፣

51
00:02:33,930 --> 00:02:36,863
የአውሮፓ በጣም አስቸኳይ ቅድሚያ የሚሰጠው መልሶ መገንባት ነው።

52
00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:40,730
ቤልጂየም እና ሰርቢያ ከፍተኛ ጉዳት ደርሶባቸዋል።

53
00:02:40,730 --> 00:02:43,650
በፈረንሳይ ግን ጥፋቱ የከፋ ነው።

54
00:02:43,650 --> 00:02:46,383
የፈረንሳይ ሰሜናዊ እና ምስራቅ ወድመዋል።

55
00:02:47,546 --> 00:02:50,560
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

56
00:02:50,560 --> 00:02:54,507
ስቴፋን ዝዋይግ እንዲህ ሲል ጽፏል፡- “ሁሉም የሊቪድ ተሳፋሪዎች

57
00:02:54,507 --> 00:02:57,440
"የአፖካሊፕስ አድጓል."

58
00:02:57,440 --> 00:03:00,820
አብዮት እና ረሃብ, ሽብር, ወረርሽኝ

59
00:03:00,820 --> 00:03:04,220
ከምንም በላይ ያ ብሔርተኝነትን ያበላሻል።

60
00:03:04,220 --> 00:03:07,092
የአውሮፓ ባህላችንን የመረዘው።

61
00:03:07,092 --> 00:03:09,675
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

62
00:03:12,130 --> 00:03:15,263
ጦርነቱ 1/3 የፈረንሳይ ሀብት አወደመ።

63
00:03:16,210 --> 00:03:18,760
ቁጥሮቹ አስገራሚ ናቸው።

64
00:03:18,760 --> 00:03:22,520
ከካርታው ላይ የጠፉ መንደሮች፣ ያልተፈነዱ ዛጎሎች

65
00:03:22,520 --> 00:03:26,683
እና የሜዳ ፈንጂዎች በመርዛማ ጋዝ የተበከሉ.

66
00:03:30,590 --> 00:03:33,943
ምድር ከዚህ መርዝ ውቅያኖስ መጽዳት አለባት።

67
00:03:36,220 --> 00:03:39,220
እንደ እነዚህ ገበሬዎች ረጅም እና አደገኛ ተግባራት

68
00:03:39,220 --> 00:03:42,350
እና ቃሚ ቅርፊት፣ መስኮቹ በሼል የተሞላ፣

69
00:03:42,350 --> 00:03:44,214
መጣል አለባቸው።

70
00:03:44,214 --> 00:03:46,797
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

71
00:03:52,556 --> 00:03:55,223
(ከፍተኛ ፍንዳታ)

72
00:04:00,720 --> 00:04:04,000
ሁሉም ነገር ቢኖርም ህይወታቸውን እንደገና ይቀጥላሉ

73
00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:06,757
ባለፉት መቶ ዘመናት እንደ ሁልጊዜው.

74
00:04:06,757 --> 00:04:09,340
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

75
00:04:20,750 --> 00:04:23,070
ፈረንሣይ ለጀርመን የጦር እስረኞች አዘዘ

76
00:04:23,070 --> 00:04:25,670
በመጣስ ሀገሪቱን ከማዕድን ማውጣት

77
00:04:25,670 --> 00:04:27,100
የጄኔቫ ስምምነት ፣

78
00:04:27,100 --> 00:04:30,133
የተያዙ ኃይሎችን የሚከላከል ዓለም አቀፍ ስምምነት.

79
00:04:33,875 --> 00:04:38,027
አሁንም 300,000 የሚሆኑት እነዚህ ያልታደሉ ሰዎች ፈረንሳይ ውስጥ አሉ።

80
00:04:39,220 --> 00:04:42,920
በቨርደን አቅራቢያ ባለው አስፈሪ የሶም ካምፕ ውስጥ ገብቷል።

81
00:04:42,920 --> 00:04:45,333
የጀርመን ወታደር የራስ ቁር ፍርድ ቤት እንዲህ ሲል ጽፏል.

82
00:04:47,037 --> 00:04:50,167
"እንደ ወንጀለኛ ተቆጥሬያለሁ የሚል ግምት አለኝ።

83
00:04:50,167 --> 00:04:52,807
"በየሰዓቱ ግልጽ ይሆናል.

84
00:04:52,807 --> 00:04:55,963
"የፈረንሳዮች ቂልነት እና በእኛ ላይ ያላቸው ጥላቻ።

85
00:04:57,007 --> 00:04:58,607
"አሁን እንድንከፍል ይፈልጋሉ."

86
00:05:08,105 --> 00:05:08,938
(ደካማ መንቀጥቀጥ)

87
00:05:08,938 --> 00:05:13,650
22,105 እስረኞች በፍርስራሽ ወይም በቀላሉ በረሃብ ይሞታሉ።

88
00:05:15,483 --> 00:05:18,233
(ወንዶች ሲነጋገሩ)

89
00:05:19,990 --> 00:05:21,493
ግን ፈረንሳዮችም ይሠቃያሉ።

90
00:05:23,250 --> 00:05:25,970
በገበያዎች, ባቄላ እና ድንች ዋጋ

91
00:05:25,970 --> 00:05:28,532
ከጦርነቱ በፊት ከነበረው በአራት እጥፍ ይበልጣል።

92
00:05:28,532 --> 00:05:31,200
(መጨዋወት)

93
00:05:31,200 --> 00:05:34,280
ሃብታም አሜሪካውያን ፈረንሳውያንን ለመርዳት ይመጣሉ።

94
00:05:34,280 --> 00:05:36,640
{\an8}እንደ ትልቅ ባንክ ወራሽ።

95
00:05:36,640 --> 00:05:40,980
{\an8}አን ሞርጋን ከዶክተር አን ሙሬይ ዲክ ጋር፣

96
00:05:40,980 --> 00:05:42,573
{\an8}ይህን የመጀመሪያ መንግሥታዊ ያልሆነ ድርጅት መስርቷል፣

97
00:05:43,430 --> 00:05:46,181
ለተበላሸችው ፈረንሳይ የአሜሪካ ኮሚቴ.

98
00:05:46,181 --> 00:05:48,560
(መለከት እየተጫወተ)

99
00:05:48,560 --> 00:05:51,403
በዛጎሎች የተወደሙ ደኖችን ይተክላሉ።

100
00:05:52,480 --> 00:05:55,193
Chateauን ወደ ማከፋፈያ ይለውጣሉ።

101
00:05:56,350 --> 00:05:58,063
አን ሞርጋን ለእናቷ እንዲህ ስትል ጽፋለች።

102
00:05:58,947 --> 00:06:02,750
"የእኛ ስራ ደስታ ነው, እኛ እዚህ ጠቃሚ ነን."

103
00:06:02,750 --> 00:06:05,770
እነዚህ ሰዎች በጀርመን ወረራ ስር ይኖሩ ነበር።

104
00:06:05,770 --> 00:06:09,150
ምግባቸው ለላሞች የሚመገበው ጥንቸል ብቻ ነበር።

105
00:06:09,150 --> 00:06:12,780
በከባድ ቅዝቃዜ በባዶ ወለል ላይ ሌሊት ተኝተዋል።

106
00:06:12,780 --> 00:06:15,053
አሁን ወደ ሕይወት እየተመለሱ ነው።

107
00:06:15,053 --> 00:06:18,470
(ብሩህ ክላሲካል ሙዚቃ)

108
00:06:19,557 --> 00:06:21,007
(የላም ጩኸት)

109
00:06:21,007 --> 00:06:22,723
(ልጆች እያለቀሱ)

110
00:06:22,723 --> 00:06:25,193
6 ሚሊዮን ወላጅ አልባ ህጻናት በአውሮፓ እየተሰቃዩ ናቸው።

111
00:06:28,642 --> 00:06:31,392
(ቫዮሊን መጫወት)

112
00:06:34,400 --> 00:06:37,230
በተአምር የተረፉት እነዚህ የፖላንድ ልጆች

113
00:06:37,230 --> 00:06:38,920
በአገራቸው ውስጥ ብዙ ጦርነቶች ፣

114
00:06:38,920 --> 00:06:40,823
ወደ ዩናይትድ ስቴትስ እንኳን ደህና መጡ.

115
00:06:43,546 --> 00:06:46,296
(የሕዝብ መጮህ)

116
00:06:49,980 --> 00:06:54,250
በፓሪስ፣ የMoMA ወላጅ አልባ ልጆች ተረፈ

117
00:06:54,250 --> 00:06:56,370
የፈረንሳይ መንግስት እንደሚያደርጋቸው ከመከራ

118
00:06:56,370 --> 00:06:59,253
የግዛቱ ዎርዶች, ለአካለ መጠን እስኪደርሱ ድረስ.

119
00:07:06,490 --> 00:07:08,963
{\an8}ሩሲያ ቁጥራቸው ያልተነገረላቸው ወላጅ አልባ ሕፃናት አሏት።

120
00:07:10,350 --> 00:07:12,127
በተለይም ከርስ በርስ ጦርነት በኋላ.

121
00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:17,930
እ.ኤ.አ. በ 1922 የኮሚኒስቶች ድል GULAGዎችን አመጣ ፣

122
00:07:17,930 --> 00:07:20,603
የሌኒን እና ከዚያም የስታሊን ማጎሪያ ካምፖች.

123
00:07:21,750 --> 00:07:23,470
እና ስለዚህ ብዙ ወላጅ አልባ ልጆች ይጣላሉ

124
00:07:23,470 --> 00:07:28,263
ወደ ጎዳናው ውጣ ፣ ጩኸት ሆነ ፣ ትናንሽ ወንጀለኞች ።

125
00:07:32,413 --> 00:07:34,700
{\an8}(ብሩህ የህዝብ ሙዚቃ)

126
00:07:34,700 --> 00:07:38,123
ብሪታንያ የራሷ አስቸኳይ ወላጅ አልባ ወንጀለኞች ችግር አለባት።

127
00:07:40,500 --> 00:07:42,540
መፍትሄው ሥር ነቀል ነው።

128
00:07:42,540 --> 00:07:44,570
በመጀመሪያው መርከብ ላይ የአንድ መንገድ ትኬት

129
00:07:44,570 --> 00:07:47,533
በምዕራብ ካናዳ ሰፊ ክፍት ቦታዎች ላይ ወደ እርሻዎች.

130
00:07:49,290 --> 00:07:53,113
በኦታዋ፣ የፓርላማ አባል J.S Woodsworth ጠቁመዋል፣

131
00:07:54,377 --> 00:07:57,137
"ሕጻናትን ወደ ርካሽ የጉልበት ሥራ እየቀየርን ነው።"

132
00:07:59,190 --> 00:08:02,210
ዛሬ ከ10 ካናዳውያን አንዱ ዘር ነው።

133
00:08:02,210 --> 00:08:03,610
ከእነዚህ የተፈናቀሉ ልጆች.

134
00:08:07,630 --> 00:08:11,890
በተመሳሳይ መልኩ እንግሊዝ ወጣት ሴቶችን ወደ ውጭ መላክ ትጀምራለች።

135
00:08:11,890 --> 00:08:13,703
አሁን ባሎች ማግኘት የማይችሉ.

136
00:08:16,800 --> 00:08:18,870
እነዚህ ትርፍ ሴቶች ተብለው ይጠራሉ

137
00:08:18,870 --> 00:08:21,090
ከሴቶች ጦር ረዳት ጓድ

138
00:08:21,090 --> 00:08:22,305
ወደ አውስትራሊያ ያቀናሉ።

139
00:08:22,305 --> 00:08:24,555
(እልልታ)

140
00:08:26,145 --> 00:08:28,925
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

141
00:08:28,925 --> 00:08:32,030
የተረፉትስ እንዴት ያዝናሉ?

142
00:08:32,030 --> 00:08:35,420
ከሊትዌኒያ ታላላቅ ባለቅኔዎች አንዱ ኦስካር ሚሎስዝ

143
00:08:35,420 --> 00:08:37,370
ወላጆች፣ መበለቶች ምን እንደሆኑ ይገልጻል

144
00:08:37,370 --> 00:08:39,960
እና ልጆች ማለቂያ በሌለው ረድፎች ውስጥ ሲራመዱ ይሰማቸዋል።

145
00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:43,150
በዳዊት ኮከብ መስቀል ምልክት የተደረገባቸው መቃብሮች

146
00:08:43,150 --> 00:08:44,790
ወይም ግማሽ ጨረቃ.

147
00:08:44,790 --> 00:08:48,567
‹ወይ ሙታን፣ ሙታን!

148
00:08:48,567 --> 00:08:50,977
"ሙታን ቢያንስ ከኔ ያነሱ የሞቱ ናቸው።"

149
00:08:56,530 --> 00:08:59,820
ብዙ ቤተሰቦች የሞቱትን ወደ አገራቸው ለመመለስ ይፈልጋሉ.

150
00:08:59,820 --> 00:09:01,840
የሚወዷቸውን መቃብር መጎብኘት እንዲችሉ

151
00:09:01,840 --> 00:09:03,103
በአካባቢው የመቃብር ቦታ.

152
00:09:05,830 --> 00:09:08,313
በመጀመሪያ ግን ቅሪቶቹ መቆፈር አለባቸው.

153
00:09:10,200 --> 00:09:13,780
የአሜሪካ ጦር ልዩ ክፍሎች እየተቀረጹ ነው።

154
00:09:13,780 --> 00:09:14,863
ይህ አሰቃቂ ተግባር.

155
00:09:17,370 --> 00:09:20,920
230,000 አስከሬኖች ወደ ቤተሰቦቻቸው ተመልሰዋል።

156
00:09:22,340 --> 00:09:23,480
እና ፈረንሳይ በብዛት ይገኛሉ

157
00:09:23,480 --> 00:09:25,660
ወታደራዊ መቃብር ውስጥ ይገኛሉ.

158
00:09:25,660 --> 00:09:28,880
እስከ ዛሬ ድረስ የ 700,000 ፈረንሣውያን መቃብር ናቸው

159
00:09:28,880 --> 00:09:33,113
እና የቅኝ ግዛት ወታደሮች, 750,000 የጀርመን ወታደሮች,

160
00:09:33,960 --> 00:09:37,930
60,000 ካናዳውያንን ጨምሮ 300,000 የእንግሊዝ ወታደሮች፣

161
00:09:37,930 --> 00:09:39,683
እና 34,000 አሜሪካውያን.

162
00:09:41,074 --> 00:09:43,090
(የወፍ ጩኸት)

163
00:09:43,090 --> 00:09:45,790
በየትኛውም ቦታ ሰዎች ለመገናኘት በጣም ይሞክራሉ።

164
00:09:45,790 --> 00:09:47,635
ከሙታን መንፈስ ጋር.

165
00:09:47,635 --> 00:09:50,802
(ትኩረት የተሞላበት ሙዚቃ)

166
00:09:51,680 --> 00:09:55,563
መንፈሳዊነት ከ 19 ኛው ክፍለ ዘመን ጀምሮ በጣም ተወዳጅ ነበር.

167
00:09:57,120 --> 00:09:59,580
በወቅቱ የመንፈሳዊነት ሊቀ ካህናት

168
00:09:59,580 --> 00:10:03,157
እሱ የተወሰነ ሊዮን ቪኒ ነው ፣

169
00:10:03,157 --> 00:10:07,047
"ስፍር ቁጥር የሌላቸው የነፍሳት ጭፍሮች በላያችን በጉጉት ያንዣብባሉ

170
00:10:07,047 --> 00:10:08,137
"ለመነጋገር."

171
00:10:10,760 --> 00:10:14,460
በጦርነት የሞቱት እራሳቸውን ለማሳየት ብቻ ይፈልጋሉ

172
00:10:14,460 --> 00:10:15,913
በምድር ላይ ለሚወዷቸው.

173
00:10:17,077 --> 00:10:19,660
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

174
00:10:26,590 --> 00:10:29,913
በሚያሳዝን ሁኔታ, እነዚህ ወቅቶች ሌላ አጭበርባሪዎች ናቸው.

175
00:10:33,490 --> 00:10:35,540
ሙታንን ለማስታወስ, ያክብሯቸው

176
00:10:35,540 --> 00:10:37,850
እና ህዝቡን በማስታወስ አንድ ያደርጋቸዋል.

177
00:10:37,850 --> 00:10:39,410
እያንዳንዱ ሀገር ፣ እያንዳንዱ ከተማ ፣

178
00:10:39,410 --> 00:10:41,563
እያንዳንዱ መንደር መታሰቢያ ሊኖረው ይገባል።

179
00:10:43,160 --> 00:10:46,480
ጀግንነትን እና ፍልሚያን፣ ሰላማዊነትን፣

180
00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:48,390
ወይም የተከበረ ጥንካሬ.

181
00:10:48,390 --> 00:10:50,490
ልክ እንደዚህ የነሐስ ካሪቦ ፣

182
00:10:50,490 --> 00:10:54,350
ከኒውፋውንድላንድ ለመጡ 814 ሰዎች ግብር፣

183
00:10:54,350 --> 00:10:57,800
ከዚያም በጦርነቱ ውስጥ በማገልገል ላይ የሞተው የብሪታንያ ግዛት ክፍል

184
00:10:57,800 --> 00:10:59,569
እና የማይታወቅ መቃብር የነበረው.

185
00:10:59,569 --> 00:11:02,152
(አስደሳች ሙዚቃ)

186
00:11:05,621 --> 00:11:08,371
(ደካማ መንቀጥቀጥ)

187
00:11:09,592 --> 00:11:12,090
በአለም ዙሪያ ቀራፂዎች ቀን ከሌት ይሰራሉ

188
00:11:12,090 --> 00:11:15,193
ለጦርነት መታሰቢያ በሺዎች የሚቆጠሩ ትዕዛዞችን ለመሙላት.

189
00:11:18,075 --> 00:11:20,825
(የሕዝብ መጮህ)

190
00:11:22,070 --> 00:11:25,053
{\an8}ለንደን፣ ህዳር 11፣ 1920

191
00:11:26,900 --> 00:11:29,000
ንጉስ ጆርጅ አምስተኛ እና ልጆቹ ፣

192
00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:32,790
የወደፊቱ ገዢዎች የመጀመሪያውን የክብር ሥነ ሥርዓት ይጀምራሉ

193
00:11:32,790 --> 00:11:34,469
ያልታወቀ ወታደር ።

194
00:11:34,469 --> 00:11:37,052
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

195
00:11:39,620 --> 00:11:43,420
በዚህ የሬሳ ሣጥን ውስጥ ማንነቱ ያልታወቀ አካል ቅሪት አለ።

196
00:11:43,420 --> 00:11:46,940
የጠፉትን 500,000 ለማስታወስ በዘፈቀደ ተመርጧል

197
00:11:46,940 --> 00:11:50,303
እና ያልተቀበሩ እና ሁሉም በብሪቲሽ ኢምፓየር የሞተው.

198
00:11:53,250 --> 00:11:55,750
ፈረንሳውያን ከአንድ ወር በፊት ሥነ ሥርዓቱን ያውቁ ነበር

199
00:11:55,750 --> 00:11:57,470
እየተደራጀ ነበር።

200
00:11:57,470 --> 00:12:00,540
መንግሥት ተመሳሳይ የመታሰቢያ ዝግጅት አላዘጋጀም ነበር።

201
00:12:00,540 --> 00:12:02,890
እና ጋዜጠኞቹ ተናደዱ።

202
00:12:02,890 --> 00:12:06,800
አንድ የግራ ፖለቲካ አባል የበቀል ንግግር ቀዳ።

203
00:12:06,800 --> 00:12:09,174
ከመጀመሪያዎቹ የድምፅ ፊልሞች ውስጥ አንዱ።

204
00:12:09,174 --> 00:12:12,091
{\an8}(የውጭ ቋንቋ)

205
00:12:34,603 --> 00:12:36,210
{\an8}(የተጨናነቀ እልልታ)

206
00:12:36,210 --> 00:12:39,890
የፈረንሳይ ያልታወቀ ወታደር በአርክ ደ ትሪምፌ ስር ይገኛል።

207
00:12:41,400 --> 00:12:43,373
በመቃብሩ ላይ ከዘላለም ነበልባል ጋር.

208
00:12:47,980 --> 00:12:51,343
ሌሎች ብዙ አገሮችም ይህን ኃይለኛ ምልክት ተቀብለዋል.

209
00:12:52,420 --> 00:12:55,810
{\an8}በቤልጂየም፣ ወታደሩ ንጉሥ አልበርት 1

210
00:12:55,810 --> 00:12:58,370
ቁርጠኝነትን ወደ አንድነት ሥነ ሥርዓት ይለውጠዋል

211
00:12:58,370 --> 00:12:59,596
ለህዝቡ።

212
00:12:59,596 --> 00:13:02,179
(የዋህ ሙዚቃ)

213
00:13:03,018 --> 00:13:05,935
(የህዝብ ንግግር)

214
00:13:09,190 --> 00:13:13,240
{\ an8}ዋሽንግተን፣ ህዳር 11፣ 1921

215
00:13:13,240 --> 00:13:15,930
ለማይታወቅ የአሜሪካ ወታደር ሥነ ሥርዓት

216
00:13:15,930 --> 00:13:18,640
ማርሻል ፈርዲናንድ ፎክ ተገኝቷል፣

217
00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:21,313
በጦርነቱ መጨረሻ ላይ ከፍተኛው የሕብረት አዛዥ.

218
00:13:22,980 --> 00:13:25,130
{\an8}ይህ የቁራ አለቃ፣ የተትረፈረፈ መፈንቅለ መንግስት ነው።

219
00:13:26,030 --> 00:13:30,050
{\an8}ከ30 ዓመታት በፊት ብቻ ከአሜሪካ ጦር ጋር የተባበረ

220
00:13:30,050 --> 00:13:33,110
እና በሲኦክስ ብሔር ላይ የተደረገው አሳዛኝ የህንድ ጦርነቶች።

221
00:13:33,110 --> 00:13:34,530
(ደካማ ከበሮ)

222
00:13:34,530 --> 00:13:37,580
በዋሽንግተን አቅራቢያ በሚገኘው አርሊንግተን ብሔራዊ መቃብር ፣

223
00:13:37,580 --> 00:13:41,350
የተትረፈረፈ መፈንቅለ መንግስት ለማይታወቅ ወታደር የመፈንቅለ መንግስት ዱላ ያቀርባል።

224
00:13:41,350 --> 00:13:43,299
ተዋጊዎች የጀግንነት መሣሪያ።

225
00:13:43,299 --> 00:13:44,719
(እየዋለ)

226
00:13:44,719 --> 00:13:47,469
(የሕዝብ መጮህ)

227
00:13:48,350 --> 00:13:51,050
ፎክ ለቀድሞው የአሜሪካ ጦር አዛዥ ይናገራል

228
00:13:51,050 --> 00:13:53,387
በፈረንሳይ, ጄኔራል ፐርሺንግ,

229
00:13:53,387 --> 00:13:55,907
"የዱር ምዕራብ ጎሳዎችን ማየት እፈልጋለሁ."

230
00:13:56,960 --> 00:14:00,980
undefined

231
00:14:00,980 --> 00:14:03,620
undefined

232
00:14:03,620 --> 00:14:06,340
undefined

233
00:14:06,340 --> 00:14:07,292
undefined

234
00:14:07,292 --> 00:14:10,042
undefined

235
00:14:12,980 --> 00:14:16,203
undefined

236
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297
00:17:57,120 --> 00:17:59,950
Wilson kishte mbështetur krijimin e një shteti kurd

298
00:17:59,950 --> 00:18:03,240
dhe për disa muaj, ajo ekzistonte, përpara se të zhdukej,

299
00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:04,773
të rrëmbyer nga turqit.

300
00:18:05,809 --> 00:18:08,240
{\ an8}(muzikë e butë)

301
00:18:08,240 --> 00:18:11,370
{\ an8}Në Palestinë, romakët i kishin dëbuar hebrenjtë

302
00:18:11,370 --> 00:18:13,533
të Jeruzalemit 2000 vjet më parë.

303
00:18:15,170 --> 00:18:19,190
Arabët tani me 600,000 njerëz janë më pak se mikpritës

304
00:18:19,190 --> 00:18:21,290
te Sionit hebre që kanë ikur

305
00:18:21,290 --> 00:18:23,880
në tokën e premtuar që nga fundi i shekullit të 19-të

306
00:18:23,880 --> 00:18:26,430
për t'i shpëtuar persekutimit në Evropën Qendrore dhe Rusi.

307
00:18:32,580 --> 00:18:34,840
Gjatë luftës, britanikët,

308
00:18:34,840 --> 00:18:37,560
si koloneli i famshëm T. E. Lawrence që shihet këtu

309
00:18:37,560 --> 00:18:39,600
në Traktatin e Sykes-Picot

310
00:18:39,600 --> 00:18:41,370
u bëri shumë premtime arabëve

311
00:18:41,370 --> 00:18:43,850
në këmbim të mbështetjes së tyre kundër turqve,

312
00:18:43,850 --> 00:18:46,213
njëra është ndalimi i imigrimit hebre.

313
00:18:50,880 --> 00:18:53,600
Por Lawrence i Arabisë ishte manipuluar

314
00:18:53,600 --> 00:18:55,703
dhe premtimet e bëra nuk do të mbahen.

315
00:18:57,350 --> 00:19:01,020
Britanikët autorizuan krijimin e një atdheu hebre.

316
00:19:01,020 --> 00:19:04,313
Tre dekada më vonë, do të bëhet shteti i Izraelit.

317
00:19:06,220 --> 00:19:10,090
Presidenti i saj i parë, Chaim Weizmann bën thirrje për emigrim.

318
00:19:10,090 --> 00:19:13,667
Ai thotë, "Ne duhet ta bëjmë Palestinën si hebreje,

319
00:19:13,667 --> 00:19:16,857
"pasi Anglia është angleze dhe Amerika është amerikane."

320
00:19:20,240 --> 00:19:22,403
Është fillimi i një lufte pa fund.

321
00:19:25,380 --> 00:19:29,800
{\ an8}Në vitin 1920, në një gjeldeti të mundur në Kostandinopojë,

322
00:19:29,800 --> 00:19:32,513
{\ an8}tani Stamboll, situata është e tensionuar.

323
00:19:34,270 --> 00:19:36,440
Aleatët ende pushtuan të dy qytetin

324
00:19:36,440 --> 00:19:37,900
dhe një pjesë të vendit,

325
00:19:37,900 --> 00:19:40,310
që është e papranueshme për nacionalistët

326
00:19:40,310 --> 00:19:42,393
dhe çon në një kryengritje në shkallë të gjerë.

327
00:19:46,400 --> 00:19:50,830
Në krye të saj është gjenerali Mustapha Kemal, i cili në vitin 1915,

328
00:19:50,830 --> 00:19:53,393
i kishte rezistuar zbarkimit britanik dhe francez në Turqi.

329
00:19:54,500 --> 00:19:57,980
Ky oficer i nderuar refuzon të pranojë Traktatin e Sevres

330
00:19:57,980 --> 00:20:00,210
dhe humbja e qytetit të Smirnës.

331
00:20:00,210 --> 00:20:04,097
Ai thotë: "Nëse ne dorëzohemi ndaj të gjitha kërkesave të aleatëve,

332
00:20:04,097 --> 00:20:07,367
“Do të jetë e pamundur të frenohen synimet e tyre lakmitare”.

333
00:20:08,880 --> 00:20:11,820
Mustafa Kemal ngre një ushtri vullnetarësh,

334
00:20:11,820 --> 00:20:14,390
pastaj lufton aleatët dhe grekët për dy vjet

335
00:20:14,390 --> 00:20:16,695
për të rimarrë territorin që ata pushtojnë.

336
00:20:16,695 --> 00:20:19,907
(kali rënkon)

337
00:20:19,907 --> 00:20:22,225
(spërkatje me ujë)

338
00:20:22,225 --> 00:20:24,558
(duke bërtitur)

339
00:20:25,808 --> 00:20:28,475
(shpërthim me zë të lartë)

340
00:20:29,671 --> 00:20:32,254
(armët flakërojnë)

341
00:20:34,055 --> 00:20:36,722
(shpërthim me zë të lartë)

342
00:20:38,362 --> 00:20:40,640
{\ an8}Më 9 shtator 1922,

343
00:20:40,640 --> 00:20:43,360
ushtria e tij hyn në fortesën e fundit të pushtuar

344
00:20:43,360 --> 00:20:45,644
nga grekët, Smyrna.

345
00:20:45,644 --> 00:20:48,394
{\ an8}(muzikë dramatike)

346
00:20:49,570 --> 00:20:51,643
{\ an8}Qytetit i është vënë zjarri.

347
00:21:03,900 --> 00:21:06,710
Turqit duan të dëbojnë jo vetëm grekët,

348
00:21:06,710 --> 00:21:09,620
por edhe të gjitha pakicat jomuslimane,

349
00:21:09,620 --> 00:21:11,203
sidomos armenët.

350
00:21:15,410 --> 00:21:17,840
Vetëm disa me fat janë në gjendje të shpëtojnë

351
00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:19,553
dhe nisen për mërgim në Evropë.

352
00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:29,260
{\ an8}Në Gjenevë, Lidhja e Kombeve,

353
00:21:29,260 --> 00:21:32,810
edhe pse nuk ka arritur t'i japë fund luftës dhe masakrës,

354
00:21:32,810 --> 00:21:36,070
megjithatë arrin të shpëtojë miliona njerëz.

355
00:21:36,070 --> 00:21:39,580
Falë një njeriu të jashtëzakonshëm, Fridtjof Nansen,

356
00:21:39,580 --> 00:21:41,370
një eksplorues polar norvegjez

357
00:21:41,370 --> 00:21:43,840
i cili u bë Komisioneri i Lartë për Refugjatët,

358
00:21:43,840 --> 00:21:46,640
dhe të cilit do t'i jepet Çmimi Nobel për Paqe.

359
00:21:46,640 --> 00:21:49,640
(duartrokitje e audiencës)

360
00:21:51,060 --> 00:21:53,123
Ai krijon pasaportën Nansen,

361
00:21:54,190 --> 00:21:56,993
një dokument i çmuar për të gjithë ata që janë pa shtetësi.

362
00:21:58,240 --> 00:22:00,150
Ashtu si piktori Marc Chagall

363
00:22:00,150 --> 00:22:02,063
dhe kompozitori Igor Stravinsky,

364
00:22:03,090 --> 00:22:05,143
u mundëson kalimin e kufijve.

365
00:22:08,440 --> 00:22:12,913
9 milionë burra, gra dhe fëmijë bëhen refugjatë paqeje.

366
00:22:14,050 --> 00:22:16,563
Shumë prej tyre duan të largohen për në Shtetet e Bashkuara.

367
00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:20,290
Të gjithë përfundojnë në Portin e Cherbourg

368
00:22:20,290 --> 00:22:22,840
në veri të Francës, e cila bëhet një pengesë.

369
00:22:26,790 --> 00:22:29,403
Francezët ndërtojnë hotelin e famshëm Atlantique,

370
00:22:30,360 --> 00:22:32,890
një qendër tranziti për emigrantët,

371
00:22:32,890 --> 00:22:35,623
me shërbimet e veta mjekësore dhe administrative.

372
00:22:43,170 --> 00:22:45,063
Dhe udhëtimi i gjatë mund të fillojë.

373
00:22:46,353 --> 00:22:48,936
(muzikë e butë)

374
00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:53,060
Amerika i ka mirëpritur gjithmonë të humburit në botë,

375
00:22:53,060 --> 00:22:56,173
si irlandezët, italianët, hebrenjtë.

376
00:23:00,370 --> 00:23:02,490
Në piedestalin e Statujës së Lirisë,

377
00:23:02,490 --> 00:23:05,800
krijuar nga skulptori francez, Auguste Bartholdi

378
00:23:05,800 --> 00:23:09,323
janë gdhendur fjalët e poetes hebreje, Emma Lazarus,

379
00:23:10,437 --> 00:23:12,507
"Më jep të lodhurin, të varfërin tënd,

380
00:23:12,507 --> 00:23:15,007
"Masazhi juaj i ngjeshur i etur për të marrë frymë të lirë,

381
00:23:15,007 --> 00:23:17,547
"plehrat e mjera të bregut tënd të mbushur plot."

382
00:23:20,700 --> 00:23:24,900
{\ an8}Në Montreal, 30,000 hebrenj demonstrojnë për të tërhequr vëmendjen

383
00:23:24,900 --> 00:23:27,203
për fatin e atyre që kanë mbetur pas në Ukrainë.

384
00:23:29,876 --> 00:23:32,459
{\ an8}(muzikë e butë)

385
00:23:33,769 --> 00:23:37,560
{\ an8}100,000 hebrenj u vranë, të bllokuar në luftën civile

386
00:23:37,560 --> 00:23:39,850
mes rusëve të bardhë, caristit

387
00:23:39,850 --> 00:23:41,300
dhe të kuqtë, komunistët.

388
00:23:49,510 --> 00:23:51,330
Pas katër vitesh luftime,

389
00:23:51,330 --> 00:23:54,400
të kuqtë, bolshevikët përfundimisht mbizotërojnë

390
00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:57,393
sepse janë edhe më të pamëshirshëm se kundërshtarët e tyre.

391
00:24:01,365 --> 00:24:05,115
{\ an8}Më 22 dhjetor 1922, Rusia bëhet Bashkimi

392
00:24:06,010 --> 00:24:10,060
të Republikave Socialiste Sovjetike, BRSS.

393
00:24:10,060 --> 00:24:13,363
Një pjesë masive e planetit bëhet komuniste.

394
00:24:15,260 --> 00:24:18,660
{\ an8}E gjithë ekonomia e BRSS është shembur.

395
00:24:18,660 --> 00:24:21,683
Të korrat ishin kërkuar për të ushqyer trupat.

396
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:29,333
Është uria e parë e madhe në vitin 1922, duke lënë 5 milionë të vdekur.

397
00:24:34,810 --> 00:24:37,983
Ndihma humanitare derdhet nga e gjithë bota.

398
00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:42,080
Një anëtar i administratës amerikane të ndihmës

399
00:24:42,080 --> 00:24:44,020
që do të shpëtojë mijëra jetë,

400
00:24:44,020 --> 00:24:46,003
William Shaffrath tregon,

401
00:24:47,017 --> 00:24:49,837
“Njerëzit janë reduktuar të hanë barërat e këqija të përziera

402
00:24:49,837 --> 00:24:52,350
“me kocka të bluara, lëvore pemësh dhe argjilë

403
00:24:53,657 --> 00:24:57,147
“si dhe kuajt, qentë, macet, minjtë

404
00:24:57,147 --> 00:24:58,737
"dhe kashta nga çatitë."

405
00:25:02,940 --> 00:25:07,570
Unë shoh skelete të vogla të rraskapitura me fytyra të dobëta

406
00:25:07,570 --> 00:25:08,973
dhe këmbët e kruese dhëmbësh.

407
00:25:11,390 --> 00:25:14,110
Çdo ditë vdesin një duzinë prej tyre.

408
00:25:14,110 --> 00:25:16,013
Era e keqe është e përzier.

409
00:25:16,960 --> 00:25:19,543
(muzikë e butë)

410
00:25:24,893 --> 00:25:26,330
(muzikë e ndritshme popullore)

411
00:25:26,330 --> 00:25:28,190
Në fund të Luftës Civile,

412
00:25:28,190 --> 00:25:30,893
një e 1/2 milion rusë u larguan nga vendi,

413
00:25:32,640 --> 00:25:35,500
400,000 rusë të bardhë u vendosën në Nice,

414
00:25:35,500 --> 00:25:36,950
në rivierën franceze

415
00:25:36,950 --> 00:25:39,513
ose Parisi në lagje të pasura.

416
00:25:39,513 --> 00:25:41,400
{\ an8}(gara me makina)

417
00:25:41,400 --> 00:25:43,330
{\ an8}Ata që kanë shpëtuar me pasuritë e tyre

418
00:25:43,330 --> 00:25:45,788
mund të jetojnë si mbretër, dhe në të vërtetë ata jetojnë.

419
00:25:45,788 --> 00:25:48,788
(muzikë e ndritshme popullore)

420
00:25:51,160 --> 00:25:53,280
Princi Yusupov një nga vrasësit

421
00:25:53,280 --> 00:25:55,140
i Rasputin, këshilltar në hije,

422
00:25:55,140 --> 00:25:57,563
të Carit Nikolla II, shkruan,

423
00:25:58,397 --> 00:26:01,157
“Si mund të mos ndihet i sigurt në Paris,

424
00:26:01,157 --> 00:26:03,677
“që di mirë të ngrejë shpirtin e një të huaji

425
00:26:03,677 --> 00:26:04,657
"me një buzëqeshje."

426
00:26:06,570 --> 00:26:08,180
Princi ka një të dashur,

427
00:26:08,180 --> 00:26:11,890
{\ an8}Duka i ri i madh Dimitri, i cili jetonte vetë

428
00:26:11,890 --> 00:26:15,698
{\ an8}me stilisten tashmë të famshme të modës, Coco Chanel.

429
00:26:15,698 --> 00:26:18,698
{\ an8}(muzikë e gjallë popullore)

430
00:26:19,940 --> 00:26:23,210
Kur vendos të lançojë parfumin e saj, Chanel numri pesë,

431
00:26:23,210 --> 00:26:25,930
Dimitri e bind atë të adoptojë për shishen e saj,

432
00:26:25,930 --> 00:26:29,148
forma e balonës së vodkës së përdorur nga oficerët rusë.

433
00:26:29,148 --> 00:26:32,565
(muzikë e gjallë klasike)

434
00:26:40,770 --> 00:26:43,050
Por nuk është vetëm (e paqartë),

435
00:26:43,050 --> 00:26:46,630
që mbetet thellë në përkushtimin e tyre ndaj Carit të fundit,

436
00:26:46,630 --> 00:26:50,420
Jusupov shënon në kujtimet e tij, kudo një herë

437
00:26:50,420 --> 00:26:53,080
bizneset e tij ruse po lindin.

438
00:26:53,080 --> 00:26:56,500
Restorante, dyqane, kisha të reja ortodokse me shkollat e tyre

439
00:26:56,500 --> 00:26:57,623
dhe shtëpitë e të moshuarve.

440
00:26:59,690 --> 00:27:02,783
Parisi po bëhet një destinacion natyror për emigrantët.

441
00:27:05,240 --> 00:27:07,380
Gjeneralët dhe ish oficerët e Carit

442
00:27:07,380 --> 00:27:11,280
të Gardës Perandorake nuk kanë aftësi përtej ushtrisë,

443
00:27:11,280 --> 00:27:13,736
por ata mund të ngasin dhe kështu të bëhen shoferë taksie.

444
00:27:13,736 --> 00:27:15,010
(burra duke vokaluar)

445
00:27:15,010 --> 00:27:17,950
Ata do të jenë gjatë pjesë e ofrimit të folklorit.

446
00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:21,933
I fundit do të dalë në pension në vitin 1970 në moshën 92-vjeçare.

447
00:27:27,620 --> 00:27:30,380
Rusët e bardhë e pëlqejnë këtë orë taksisti

448
00:27:30,380 --> 00:27:33,616
me shqetësim përhapjen e ndikimit sovjetik në botë.

449
00:27:33,616 --> 00:27:36,366
(turma duke kënduar)

450
00:27:39,467 --> 00:27:44,467
Shpenzimet e tepruara të kohës së luftës kanë çuar në tensione të thella sociale.

451
00:27:44,550 --> 00:27:47,250
Njerëzit kudo janë duke u bashkuar me Partitë Komuniste

452
00:27:47,250 --> 00:27:50,820
me vizionin e tyre për prosperitet të përbashkët në Londër,

453
00:27:50,820 --> 00:27:53,837
Berlin, Nju Jork, Milano dhe Romë.

454
00:27:53,837 --> 00:27:56,587
(turma duke kënduar)

455
00:27:58,290 --> 00:28:02,140
Kthehet lideri komunist italian Antonio Gramsci

456
00:28:02,140 --> 00:28:03,970
nga Moska dhe zë vendin e tij

457
00:28:03,970 --> 00:28:06,063
si një teoricien i hershëm marksist.

458
00:28:07,020 --> 00:28:09,997
Ai thotë: “Të jetosh është të jesh partizan”.

459
00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:17,240
Duke kundërshtuar komunistët, veteranët e luftës fillimisht grupojnë

460
00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:19,610
së bashku pas një poeti të zjarrtë,

461
00:28:19,610 --> 00:28:22,423
një hero lufte, Gabriele d'Annunzio.

462
00:28:24,840 --> 00:28:26,950
Ai ka denoncuar Traktatin e Versajës

463
00:28:26,950 --> 00:28:29,000
sepse në rivizatimin e hartës së Evropës,

464
00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:31,410
aleatët ia kanë dorëzuar Jugosllavisë,

465
00:28:31,410 --> 00:28:34,867
territori është i populluar nga italianë, duke përfshirë Dalmacinë

466
00:28:34,867 --> 00:28:36,677
dhe qyteti i Fiume.

467
00:28:36,677 --> 00:28:39,440
(gjuhë e huaj)

468
00:28:39,440 --> 00:28:41,407
Gabriele d'Annunzio vajton,

469
00:28:41,407 --> 00:28:43,567
“Fitorja jonë është gjymtuar”.

470
00:28:44,443 --> 00:28:47,360
(gjuhë e huaj)

471
00:28:48,650 --> 00:28:51,197
Ai nis milicinë e tij duke shpallur,

472
00:28:51,197 --> 00:28:54,797
"Italy wo dɔn no adu, mfe a ɛyɛ nwonwa."

473
00:28:54,797 --> 00:28:56,847
"Mete Akɔre aprannaa a."

474
00:28:56,847 --> 00:28:59,466
"wɔn talente tetew anadwo no mu."

475
00:28:59,466 --> 00:29:02,216
(nnipadɔm a wɔrebɔ ose)

476
00:29:03,380 --> 00:29:06,563
Gabriele d’Annunzio tumi gyee Fiume kurow no.

477
00:29:08,384 --> 00:29:11,134
{\an8}(nnipadɔm a wɔreto dwom)

478
00:29:15,700 --> 00:29:19,093
Afei asraafo a wɔtaa kɔ hɔ no pam no fi hɔ, nanso wɔkyerɛ obu mu.

479
00:29:21,500 --> 00:29:24,490
Wɔ Komunist Gramsci fam no, saa aseresɛm a ɛyɛ awerɛhow yi

480
00:29:24,490 --> 00:29:26,250
yɛ ɔsɛe no ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo

481
00:29:26,250 --> 00:29:27,563
a ɛwɔ Bourgeois Man no mu.

482
00:29:28,600 --> 00:29:31,467
Ɔse, “Wiase dedaw no rewu.”

483
00:29:31,467 --> 00:29:33,687
"Wiase foforo no di apere sɛ wɔbɛwo no."

484
00:29:33,687 --> 00:29:37,367
"Dhe në këtë muzg, përbindëshat shfaqen papritmas."

485
00:29:40,340 --> 00:29:42,993
{\ an8}Ai përbindësh është Benito Musolini.

486
00:29:44,800 --> 00:29:48,937
{\ an8}Gruaja e tij Rachele shkruan, "Sytë e tij ishin fosforeshent,

487
00:29:48,937 --> 00:29:53,937
"Vështrimi i tij depërtoi, bebëzat e tij dukeshin sikur ndezën rrufe.

488
00:29:53,997 --> 00:29:57,577
"Ai e dinte se sytë e tij kishin fuqi të jashtëzakonshme mbi të gjithë."

489
00:29:59,330 --> 00:30:03,440
{\ an8}Musolini e filloi karrierën e tij si gazetar socialist.

490
00:30:03,440 --> 00:30:05,823
{\ an8}Ai u bë nacionalist gjatë luftës.

491
00:30:09,270 --> 00:30:12,710
Në vitin 1919, ai krijoi Lëvizjen Fashiste,

492
00:30:12,710 --> 00:30:16,133
emëruar pas skuadrave të tij luftarake Fasci di Combattimento.

493
00:30:20,270 --> 00:30:24,350
Mussolini tena Gabriele D’Annunzio anuonyam so, .

494
00:30:24,350 --> 00:30:26,270
biribiara a wɔresuasua.

495
00:30:26,270 --> 00:30:31,270
Ntade tuntum, Romafo nkyia, mmirikatu dagger

496
00:30:31,300 --> 00:30:32,350
ne nteɛm no, .

497
00:30:32,350 --> 00:30:37,350
annoy, ma yɛn, ma yɛn.
(nnipadɔm reto dwom) .

498
00:30:37,770 --> 00:30:42,173
Nanso na Gabriele D’Annunzio wɔ mmarima 2500 wɔ 1919, 1919 mu.

499
00:30:43,280 --> 00:30:46,713
Mussolini wɔ 300,000 wɔ 1922 mu.

500
00:30:48,290 --> 00:30:53,050
Mussolini de ne nsɛm a ɛkanyan nnipa pii no ka asraafo a wɔadi ako bom, .

501
00:30:53,050 --> 00:30:57,690
ɔko mu mmubuafo, wɔn a wonni adwuma, mfinimfini mpanyimfo, .

502
00:30:57,690 --> 00:30:59,860
ne wɔn a wɔn adwene yɛ mmerɛw mpo

503
00:30:59,860 --> 00:31:02,010
wɔn a wɔwɔ ɔhaw wɔ Fasistfo nkyia no mu, .

504
00:31:02,850 --> 00:31:06,630
Na nnipa a wɔba fam a wɔ wɔn mmɔnten so ntɔkwaw akyi no nyinaa, .

505
00:31:06,630 --> 00:31:10,443
wɔn aduru a wɔde kyekyere wɔn ho no so pɛɛ, Menefrego, ɛnyɛ me asɛm.

506
00:31:12,870 --> 00:31:15,800
Mussolini hyɛ bɔ sɛ ɔbɛsan de asetra mu nhyehyɛe aba.

507
00:31:15,800 --> 00:31:17,720
Ɔma ne squads akode, .

508
00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:20,430
dua poma a wɔde bɛboro Komunisfo, .

509
00:31:20,430 --> 00:31:23,918
na wɔde ogya too wɔn Nkurɔfo Afie mu.

510
00:31:23,918 --> 00:31:26,668
(nnwom a ɛyɛ nwonwa) .

511
00:31:35,050 --> 00:31:37,817
Mussolini se, “Mɛsan de nteɛso aba.”

512
00:31:37,817 --> 00:31:39,137
"wɔ adwumayɛbea ahorow mu."

513
00:31:40,820 --> 00:31:42,940
Nea ɛsɔ mfiridwumayɛfo akɛse no ani, .

514
00:31:42,940 --> 00:31:45,260
te sɛ Agneli a ɔhyehyɛɛ Fiat no, .

515
00:31:45,260 --> 00:31:47,836
ne Pirelli a ɔyɛ Tae no.

516
00:31:47,836 --> 00:31:50,419
(nnwom a ɛyɛ brɛoo) .

517
00:31:54,225 --> 00:31:56,239
(ɔserew) .

518
00:31:56,239 --> 00:31:58,822
(nnwom a ɛyɛ brɛoo) .

519
00:32:08,073 --> 00:32:08,950
(nnipadɔm a wɔrebɔ ose)

520
00:32:08,950 --> 00:32:13,650
Mussolini yɛɛ nhyehyɛe wɔ October 28, 1922, .

521
00:32:13,650 --> 00:32:17,286
{\an8}ahoɔden a wɔde kyerɛ a wɔde pumpously frɛ no March on Rome.

522
00:32:17,286 --> 00:32:20,203
(amananafo kasa) .

523
00:32:30,940 --> 00:32:35,283
Ɔno ankasa de awerɛkyekye ba wɔ keteke a efi Milan no mu.

524
00:32:35,283 --> 00:32:38,200
(amananafo kasa) .

525
00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:46,170
Wasesa n’atade tuntum de atade ne krataa, .

526
00:32:46,170 --> 00:32:48,340
kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ɔmanyɛfo pii te sɛ nea wɔwɔ mfinimfini no

527
00:32:48,340 --> 00:32:49,543
ne Fasistfo akyidifo no ho.

528
00:32:55,070 --> 00:32:59,070
Ɔhene Victor Emanuel 111, de tumidi ho nhama hyɛ no nsa, .

529
00:32:59,070 --> 00:33:01,763
a ɛde Italyfo amanehunu bae kɛse.

530
00:33:06,420 --> 00:33:09,520
Esiane sɛ asɔre no boa Mussolini nti, ɔde anifere di dwuma

531
00:33:09,520 --> 00:33:12,280
nsɛmmɔnedi ho nsɛm na ɛhyɛ nneduaban ahorow ma

532
00:33:12,280 --> 00:33:13,630
ɔne wɔn a wɔsɔre tia no, .

533
00:33:13,630 --> 00:33:16,843
a ɛde tumidi nniso a ɛko tia komunis bɛba.

534
00:33:22,100 --> 00:33:26,490
{\an8}Afe baako akyi, wɔ afe 1923 mu no, German asraafoɔ a wɔadi ako nso ka bom

535
00:33:26,490 --> 00:33:30,220
twaa wɔn ɔko bere mu kannifo, Ɔsahene Ludendorff ho hyiae

536
00:33:30,220 --> 00:33:33,313
{\an8}a mprempren ɔboa Nasi Kuw no kannifo Adolf Hitler.

537
00:33:38,240 --> 00:33:42,407
Hitler ka sɛ, “Yɛn nkurɔfo hyɛ amanehunu a ɛte saa ase, .

538
00:33:42,407 --> 00:33:44,267
"sɛ sɛ yɛanyɛ ade mprempren a, .

539
00:33:44,267 --> 00:33:45,967
"wɔbɛka Komunisfo no ho."

540
00:33:49,520 --> 00:33:51,680
Ayɔnkofo no bɛboa Hitler denam nsɛm a ɛtoatoa so so

541
00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:55,770
mfomso ahorow te sɛ Belgium ne Fransefo a wɔfaa no no ho

542
00:33:55,770 --> 00:33:57,713
a ɛfa Germany ɔmantam a wotu fagude wɔ ɔko mu no ho, .

543
00:33:59,390 --> 00:34:02,083
baabi a wogye fango de tua fango a wɔhyɛ wɔn ma wɔde tua ka, .

544
00:34:02,920 --> 00:34:06,533
a ɛde sikasɛm mu ahokyere ne nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro a ɛyɛ nwonwa ba.

545
00:34:09,200 --> 00:34:12,010
Esiane sɛ wɔretintim sika nkrataa ntɛmntɛm sɛnea wobetumi nti, .

546
00:34:12,010 --> 00:34:14,753
sika no bo kɔ fam wɔ ɔkwan a wontumi nsusuw ho so.

547
00:34:15,690 --> 00:34:19,853
Abodoo biako bo yɛ Mark ɔpepepem 460.

548
00:34:22,460 --> 00:34:26,013
Germanni abeawa bi a wadi mfe 13, Erma Lange ka sɛ, .

549
00:34:27,137 --> 00:34:29,777
"Sɛ yɛn agya de da no akatua ba fie a, .

550
00:34:29,777 --> 00:34:33,737
"yɛde ahopere fi adi pɛɛ sɛ yɛde di dwuma, anyɛ saa a wɔ bere tiaa bi mu,

551
00:34:33,737 --> 00:34:35,047
"anka ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso nni so."

552
00:34:39,490 --> 00:34:41,960
Wɔ Germanfo a wɔkɔɔ ɔko no mu ne Fransefo ntam

553
00:34:41,960 --> 00:34:44,563
ne Belgiumfo a wɔafa hɔ no, nhyɛso rekɔ soro.

554
00:34:49,540 --> 00:34:52,170
{\an8}Wɔ Oforisuo da a ɛtɔ so du, afe 1923,

555
00:34:52,170 --> 00:34:54,910
Franse asraafo mpanyimfo no bɔ Germanfo a wɔrehwɛ no, .

556
00:34:54,910 --> 00:34:57,500
a wɔantumi annyi wɔn kyɛw amma ayiyɛ kuw no

557
00:34:57,500 --> 00:34:58,853
a ɛfa obi a wɔatow ahyɛ no so ho.

558
00:35:00,950 --> 00:35:04,350
Wɔ tebea a entumi nnyina pintinn a ɛte saa mu no, Hitler bɔ mmɔden sɛ obegye tumidi

559
00:35:04,350 --> 00:35:06,183
wɔ Ɔpɛpɔn da a ɛtɔ so 9, afe 1923.

560
00:35:08,120 --> 00:35:11,680
{\an8}Nanso asraafoɔ ne polisifoɔ da so ara di nokware ma German Republic

561
00:35:11,680 --> 00:35:13,073
na putsch no di nkogu.

562
00:35:15,280 --> 00:35:19,060
Wɔde Hitler ato afiase mprempren, .

563
00:35:19,060 --> 00:35:22,157
Stefan Zweig kasa ma nnipa pii bere a ɔkyerɛw sɛ, .

564
00:35:22,157 --> 00:35:26,167
"Wɔ afe 1923 yi mu no, Swastikafo no ayera, .

565
00:35:26,167 --> 00:35:27,707
"ahum asraafo ne din no."

566
00:35:27,707 --> 00:35:30,837
"a ɛfa Adolf Hitler ho nyinaa ahwe ase wɔ werɛfi mu."

567
00:35:35,400 --> 00:35:37,920
Nanso Zweig adi mfomso kɛse.

568
00:35:37,920 --> 00:35:41,580
Hitler befi ne dan mu asiesie n’aweredi.

569
00:35:41,580 --> 00:35:45,600
Ɔkyerɛw ne nhoma, "Mein Kampf" m'apereperedi, .

570
00:35:45,600 --> 00:35:48,803
screed a ɛtia Versailles ne France Apam no.

571
00:35:52,390 --> 00:35:55,230
{\an8}Totalitarian Menace no yɛ nokware.

572
00:35:55,230 --> 00:35:58,150
Wɔ Spain no. Ɔsahene Primo de Rivera na ɔkyerɛwee

573
00:35:58,150 --> 00:36:00,490
nso a Mussolini na ɔde honhom kaa no

574
00:36:00,490 --> 00:36:04,090
gye tumidi wɔ September 23rd, 1923, .

575
00:36:04,090 --> 00:36:06,333
na ɛde katabaako nniso bi si hɔ.

576
00:36:07,360 --> 00:36:10,893
{\an8}Asraafo atuatew yi ma ɔsraani panyin kumaa bi a ɔpɛ anuonyam ani gye, .

577
00:36:11,850 --> 00:36:13,113
{\an8}Francisco Franco na ɔkyerɛwee.

578
00:36:17,100 --> 00:36:19,580
Wɔhyɛɛ no nsow wɔ nteɛso ne atirimɔdensɛm ho, .

579
00:36:19,580 --> 00:36:24,200
Franco a wadi mfe 33 no bɛyɛ Ɔsahene kumaa sen biara wɔ Europa, .

580
00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:26,033
ne Spain ɔman anidanfo a odi hɔ.

581
00:36:30,990 --> 00:36:34,030
Wɔ 1921 mu no, ɔyɛ akannifo no mu biako

582
00:36:34,030 --> 00:36:36,390
Spain Amannɔne Asraafo Kuw no mufo, .

583
00:36:36,390 --> 00:36:39,940
a ɛyɛ n’asɛde sɛ wɔhwɛ ma nneɛma kɔ so yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ Rif no mu, .

584
00:36:39,940 --> 00:36:42,743
Morocco beae bi a Spain di so.

585
00:36:43,600 --> 00:36:45,800
Fransefo na wodi ɔman no fã a aka no so.

586
00:36:47,890 --> 00:36:51,050
Wɔ Wiase Ko no mu ne dade a wotu wɔ ɔmantam no mu no, .

587
00:36:51,050 --> 00:36:53,500
Wɔhyɛɛ Moroccofo ma wɔyɛɛ adwuma a ɛnyɛ ɔbrɛ

588
00:36:53,500 --> 00:36:56,170
sɛ wɔde bɛma Fransefo adwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔyɛ atuo.

589
00:36:56,170 --> 00:36:58,803
Moroccofo tew atua tia saa a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so yi.

590
00:37:00,896 --> 00:37:03,729
(apɔnkɔ a wɔrebɔ abubuw) .

591
00:37:06,050 --> 00:37:09,300
{\an8}Ɔmampɛfo kannifo bi puei wɔ Arab wiase, .

592
00:37:09,300 --> 00:37:11,780
{\an8}ne din de Abd el-Krim.

593
00:37:11,780 --> 00:37:15,140
Ɔyɛ nhomanimfo a ɔkenkan ade yiye a wadi bɛyɛ mfe 50.

594
00:37:15,140 --> 00:37:18,205
Wama Berber mmusuakuw a wɔatwa ne ho ahyia no ayɛ biako yiye.

595
00:37:18,205 --> 00:37:20,360
(nnwom a ɛyɛ brɛoo) .

596
00:37:20,360 --> 00:37:22,660
Ɔde nkogudi a ɛyɛ hu a ɔde ba no so na efi ase

597
00:37:22,660 --> 00:37:25,140
wɔ Spainfo ho wɔ Afe afe Ko no mu, .

598
00:37:25,140 --> 00:37:26,988
wɔ July 21st, 1921 mu.

599
00:37:26,988 --> 00:37:29,655
{\an8}(ɔpae a ɛyɛ den) .

600
00:37:34,017 --> 00:37:34,850
(ɔpɔnkɔ a ɔrebɔ abubuw) .

601
00:37:34,850 --> 00:37:37,825
Rif mmusuakuw no di Spainfo 20,000 so nkonim.

602
00:37:37,825 --> 00:37:40,720
Wɔn mu 13,000 na wokunkum wɔn anaa wɔapirapira wɔn, .

603
00:37:40,720 --> 00:37:42,703
wɔn a wonyaa wɔn ti didii mu no san wɔn akyi wɔ basabasayɛ mu.

604
00:37:45,840 --> 00:37:49,108
Fransefo de wɔn ho gye mu sɛ wɔne Spaniafo no ko.

605
00:37:49,108 --> 00:37:51,775
(ɔpae a wɔbɔ denneennen) .

606
00:37:53,460 --> 00:37:56,003
So eyi ne atubrafo awiei mfiase?

607
00:38:00,760 --> 00:38:04,403
Rif Ko no yɛ daakye ahude nyinaa ho mfonini.

608
00:38:06,940 --> 00:38:11,063
Ɛha yi, Morocco sraani bi atwa ne nua otuatewfo ti.

609
00:38:13,640 --> 00:38:16,713
Atirimɔdensɛm a ɛkɔ soro wɔ afã abien no nyinaa.

610
00:38:19,440 --> 00:38:22,550
Fransefo ne Spainfo de akode biara a ɛwɔ wɔn akodekorabea di dwuma, .

611
00:38:22,550 --> 00:38:24,159
a wimhyɛn ntua ka ho.

612
00:38:24,159 --> 00:38:27,422
(wimhyɛn akansi) .

613
00:38:27,422 --> 00:38:28,700
(ɔpae a wɔbɔ denneennen) .

614
00:38:28,700 --> 00:38:31,840
Wɔde sinapi mframa a ɛyɛ hu koro no ara ahyɛ atopae ahorow bi mu

615
00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:33,853
Germanfo de dii dwuma wɔ 1917 mu.

616
00:38:36,773 --> 00:38:38,290
(ɔpae a wɔbɔ denneennen) .

617
00:38:38,290 --> 00:38:41,120
Wɔn asraafo a wɔde wɔn si fam wɔ atamfo akyi, .

618
00:38:41,120 --> 00:38:42,493
na wɔde tank ahorow rekɔ wɔn anim, .

619
00:38:43,360 --> 00:38:45,283
awiei koraa no wodi Abd el-Krim so nkonim.

620
00:38:47,410 --> 00:38:51,363
Ɔde ne ho ma Fransefo wɔ May 27th, 1926.

621
00:38:52,810 --> 00:38:55,560
Wɔyɛ ne ho a ɔde mae no ho sini ma sini dan mu nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ, .

622
00:38:55,560 --> 00:38:58,330
a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ ɛbɛma wɔn a wɔhwɛ no awerɛhyem a wɔbɔ dawuru sɛ, .

623
00:38:58,330 --> 00:39:01,400
n’agya a ne mfe akɔ anim ne n’abusua de wɔn ho sii hɔ

624
00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:03,273
wɔ nkonimdifo no ahobammɔ ase.

625
00:39:08,450 --> 00:39:10,760
Rif Ko no bɛyɛ nea ɛkanyan no

626
00:39:10,760 --> 00:39:15,040
wɔ ɔko biara a edii akyi bae a wɔde beyi atubrafo afi hɔ wɔ Afrika no ho

627
00:39:15,040 --> 00:39:16,113
ne wiase nyinaa.

628
00:39:17,519 --> 00:39:18,760
(nnwom a ɛyɛ nwonwa) .

629
00:39:18,760 --> 00:39:21,480
Ɛsan nso hyɛ nsakrae kɛse bi agyirae.

630
00:39:21,480 --> 00:39:24,010
Efi saa bere yi rekɔ no, wɔbɛhyehyɛ wiase no

631
00:39:24,010 --> 00:39:25,427
twa mfomso foforo bi ho hyia.

632
00:39:25,427 --> 00:39:26,710
(atuo a ɛrehyew) .

633
00:39:26,710 --> 00:39:28,950
Nkurɔfo ahwere wɔn nyamesom mu nneyɛe, .

634
00:39:28,950 --> 00:39:31,450
ne wɔn nipasu wɔ ɔko no mu.

635
00:39:31,450 --> 00:39:35,190
Hulle sal nuwe betekenis vind, 'n nuwe projek, 'n roeping

636
00:39:35,190 --> 00:39:36,703
en politieke betrokkenheid.

637
00:39:36,703 --> 00:39:38,600
{\an8}(skare juig)

638
00:39:38,600 --> 00:39:42,350
{\an8}1926, Fascistiese koors styg oral,

639
00:39:42,350 --> 00:39:44,030
{\an8}soos hier in Engeland.

640
00:39:44,030 --> 00:39:48,176
{\an8}Kommuniste-koors styg ook oral, selfs in New York.

641
00:39:48,176 --> 00:39:50,759
{\an8}(gewere brand)

642
00:39:51,610 --> 00:39:54,770
Die Verenigde State probeer sy kommuniste verdryf,

643
00:39:54,770 --> 00:39:57,270
hulle sal 'n eenrigtingkaartjie na die tuisland kry

644
00:39:57,270 --> 00:40:00,863
van sosialisme op hierdie boot herdoop tot The Sowjet Ark.

645
00:40:03,317 --> 00:40:05,900
(skip wat toeter)

646
00:40:06,844 --> 00:40:07,677
Totsiens.

647
00:40:08,827 --> 00:40:10,850
(helder jazz musiek)

648
00:40:10,850 --> 00:40:12,760
Benewens die Red Scare,

649
00:40:12,760 --> 00:40:14,853
Amerikaners het te doen met verbod.

650
00:40:17,510 --> 00:40:21,320
Deur alkohol te verbied, hoop konserwatiewes om moraliteit af te dwing

651
00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:23,103
op 'n samelewing vol brul.

652
00:40:26,630 --> 00:40:29,210
En so begin die wilde gejaag na smokkelaars

653
00:40:29,210 --> 00:40:34,000
van elke tipe alkohol, gedistilleer in Kanada of by die huis.

654
00:40:34,000 --> 00:40:37,640
Amerikaanse polisie wend al die middele tot hul beskikking in

655
00:40:37,640 --> 00:40:39,793
om die smokkelary te vernietig.

656
00:40:39,793 --> 00:40:42,034
(metale wat kraak)

657
00:40:42,034 --> 00:40:45,117
(bril sluit)

658
00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:49,710
(flou geklop)

659
00:40:51,284 --> 00:40:53,951
(water loop)

660
00:40:56,514 --> 00:40:59,976
(bril sluit)

661
00:40:59,976 --> 00:41:02,976
(helder jazz musiek)

662
00:41:05,760 --> 00:41:08,930
Verbod is 'n seën vir die Italiaans-Amerikaanse mafia,

663
00:41:08,930 --> 00:41:11,293
versterk nou sy greep op Amerika.

664
00:41:12,660 --> 00:41:16,383
Al Capone neem die middelpunt in die geskiedenis van gangsterism.

665
00:41:18,230 --> 00:41:20,143
Amerikaners is mal oor die lewe.

666
00:41:21,370 --> 00:41:23,130
Die ritmes van jazz gee aanleiding

667
00:41:23,130 --> 00:41:25,308
na nuwe danse soos die Charleston.

668
00:41:25,308 --> 00:41:27,300
(helder jazz musiek)

669
00:41:27,300 --> 00:41:28,730
Hulle wil alles vergeet,

670
00:41:28,730 --> 00:41:31,100
hulle wil nie meer dink nie.

671
00:41:31,100 --> 00:41:34,330
Die Amerikaanse skrywer John Dos Passos projekteer,

672
00:41:34,330 --> 00:41:36,800
Die 20ste eeu sal Amerikaans wees,

673
00:41:36,800 --> 00:41:40,330
Amerikaanse denke sal dit oorheers, American Progress,

674
00:41:40,330 --> 00:41:42,690
sal dit kleur en rigting gee.

675
00:41:42,690 --> 00:41:45,290
Die wedergeboorte van die wêreld fisies ook

676
00:41:45,290 --> 00:41:47,320
soos morele begin het,

677
00:41:47,320 --> 00:41:49,969
en revolusies beweeg nooit agteruit nie.

678
00:41:49,969 --> 00:41:51,242
(vliegtuigmotor brul)

679
00:41:51,242 --> 00:41:54,242
(helder jazz musiek)

680
00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:58,153
Jazz het die Atlantiese Oseaan oorgesteek.

681
00:41:59,410 --> 00:42:02,970
{\an8}In Parys gee Josephine Baker die toon aan.

682
00:42:02,970 --> 00:42:05,770
{\an8}Wanneer die Franse skrywer (onduidelik) haar die eerste keer sien,

683
00:42:05,770 --> 00:42:09,904
roep hy uit: "Erotiek het pas sy styl gevind."

684
00:42:09,904 --> 00:42:12,630
(helder jazz musiek)

685
00:42:12,630 --> 00:42:14,730
Dit is die brullende 20's van (onduidelik).

686
00:42:17,340 --> 00:42:19,297
Ernest Hemingway se Parys-memoir,

687
00:42:19,297 --> 00:42:22,200
“A Moveable Feast” sal sy laaste boek wees.

688
00:42:22,200 --> 00:42:26,977
Hy skryf: "Om in Parys te woon is soos om 'n groot skat te hê

689
00:42:26,977 --> 00:42:28,049
"aan jou gegee."

690
00:42:28,049 --> 00:42:31,049
(helder jazz musiek)

691
00:42:33,110 --> 00:42:34,890
{\an8}Ook in Berlyn, die ritmes

692
00:42:34,890 --> 00:42:36,763
van die Charleston eggo elke jaar.

693
00:42:37,850 --> 00:42:41,510
Stefan Zweig skryf in sy boek, "Die wêreld van gister."

694
00:42:41,510 --> 00:42:43,460
Soos die waarde van geld afgeneem het,

695
00:42:43,460 --> 00:42:45,483
alle ander waardes het begin verkrummel.

696
00:42:46,860 --> 00:42:49,180
Dit was 'n tyd van hoë ekstase,

697
00:42:49,180 --> 00:42:52,283
'n unieke mengsel van onrus en fanatisme.

698
00:42:53,900 --> 00:42:56,960
Alles wat buitensporig en onbeheerbaar was,

699
00:42:56,960 --> 00:42:58,647
'n goue era beleef het.

700
00:43:03,160 --> 00:43:06,150
In die waansin van hierdie na-oorlogse jare,

701
00:43:06,150 --> 00:43:08,000
undefined

702
00:43:08,000 --> 00:43:11,733
undefined

703
00:43:13,050 --> 00:43:15,280
undefined

704
00:43:15,280 --> 00:43:18,053
undefined

705
00:43:19,480 --> 00:43:22,690
undefined

706
00:43:22,690 --> 00:43:26,100
undefined

707
00:43:26,100 --> 00:43:29,333
undefined

708
00:43:30,947 --> 00:43:33,940
undefined

709
00:43:33,940 --> 00:43:37,260
undefined

710
00:43:37,260 --> 00:43:40,610
undefined

711
00:43:40,610 --> 00:43:41,973
undefined

712
00:43:43,680 --> 00:43:45,950
undefined

713
00:43:45,950 --> 00:43:48,743
undefined

714
00:43:49,741 --> 00:43:51,763
undefined

715
00:43:54,478 --> 00:43:57,228
undefined

716
00:44:03,327 --> 00:44:05,577
undefined

717
00:44:06,651 --> 00:44:09,401
undefined